PLUS TWO COMPUTER APPLICATION
Second Year Computer Application(Commerce) Previous Questions Chapter wise ..
Chapter 10. Enterprise Resource Planning
1. Briefly explain any two ERP related technology
Supply Chain Management (SCM)
The supply chain consists of all the activities associated with moving goods from the supplier to the customer. It begins with collecting raw materials and ends with receiving the goods by the consumer . It is very important for companies to move product to their customers quickly. Faster product delivery or availability will increase the sale and satisfaction of customers. So it is very important to manage the activities in supply chain. Software packages are available in the market for managing the same.Supply Chain Management (SCM) is a systematic approach for managing supply chain. SCM activities include inventory management, transportation management, warehouse management, distribution strategy planning, customer service performance monitoring, computer simulation etc.
Decision Support System (DSS)
Decision Support Systems are interactive, computer-based systems that aid users in judgment and choice activities. It is a computer program application that analyses business data and presents it so that users can make business decisions more easily. DSS focuses on providing help in analysing situations rather than providing right information in the form of various types of reports. DSS is only a support in nature, but human decision makers still retain their supremacy.
2. 2.................... is an open source ERP software .
(a) SAP
(b) Tally ERP
(c) Oracle
(d) Odoo
Ans d
3. DSS stands for …………….
(a) Digital Signal System
(b) Design Support System
(c) Decision Support System
(d) Database Support System
Ans. c.
4. Explain the benefits of ERP system
1. Improved resource utilization
1. Briefly explain any two ERP related technology
Supply Chain Management (SCM)
The supply chain consists of all the activities associated with moving goods from the supplier to the customer. It begins with collecting raw materials and ends with receiving the goods by the consumer . It is very important for companies to move product to their customers quickly. Faster product delivery or availability will increase the sale and satisfaction of customers. So it is very important to manage the activities in supply chain. Software packages are available in the market for managing the same.Supply Chain Management (SCM) is a systematic approach for managing supply chain. SCM activities include inventory management, transportation management, warehouse management, distribution strategy planning, customer service performance monitoring, computer simulation etc.
Decision Support System (DSS)
Decision Support Systems are interactive, computer-based systems that aid users in judgment and choice activities. It is a computer program application that analyses business data and presents it so that users can make business decisions more easily. DSS focuses on providing help in analysing situations rather than providing right information in the form of various types of reports. DSS is only a support in nature, but human decision makers still retain their supremacy.
2. 2.................... is an open source ERP software .
(a) SAP
(b) Tally ERP
(c) Oracle
(d) Odoo
Ans d
3. DSS stands for …………….
(a) Digital Signal System
(b) Design Support System
(c) Decision Support System
(d) Database Support System
Ans. c.
4. Explain the benefits of ERP system
1. Improved resource utilization
An enterprise can plan and manage its resources effectively by installing ERP software. So the wastage or loss of all types of resources can be reduced, and improved resource utilization can be ensured.
2. Better customer satisfaction
Customer satisfaction means meeting maximum customers’ requirements for a product or service. Using an ERP system, a customer will get more attention and service of an enterprise without spending more money and time. With the introduction of web based ERP, a customer can place the order, track the status of the order and make the payment from his/her home.
3. Provides accurate information
In today's competitive world, an enterprise has to plan and manage the future cleverly. So, an enterprise needs high quality, relevant and accurate information. An ERP system will be able to provide such information for the better future planning of the enterprise.
4. Decision making capability
Accurate and relevant information given to decision makers will help them to take better decisions for running a system more smoothly. Better decision from an enterprise will help them to go a step ahead of its competitors.
5. Increased flexibility
An ERP system improves the flexibility of manufacturing operations and the entire organization. A flexible organization can adapt to the changes in the environment rapidly. ERP system helps organizations to remain flexible by making enterprise information available without any departmental barriers.
6. Information integrity
The most important advantage of ERP is in its promotion of integration of various departments and hence we will get an integrated form of information about the enterprise. The entire information about an enterprise is stored in a centralized data base, so that complete visibility into all the important processes across various departments of an organisation can be achieved.
5. Write full form of BPR
Business process re-engineering
6. List four stages of product life cycle
Four stage product life cycle
which consists of development and introduction of a new product, then its growth
in the market, its maturity and at last
its decline if it cannot compete with
similar products of other companies.
7. Explain the importance of BPR in ERP implementation
Before implementing ERP in a business, the need of such a new system must be
ensured. Business process re-engineering will help an enterprise to determine the
changes in the structure or process of a business for better aspects. So ERP and
BPR are related and they go hand in hand, and in most of the cases business process
re engineering is performed before enterprise resource planning. Conducting
business process re engineering before implementing enterprise resource planning
will help an enterprise to avoid unnecessary modules from the software. BPR first
ensures that business processes are optimized before software is configured and
also ensures that software functionality will closely match the actual process steps.
All business process re- engineering does not necessary lead to the implementation
of a new ERP system. Some BPR may find that there is no need of BPR in the
enterprise because of cost, effectiveness and other challenges.
In some other cases BPR and ERP are used together to achieve better result for the
enterprise and to improve existing ERP.
8. Selection of ERP package is very crucial in the implementation of ERP system. Give a short note on any four ERP packages
SAP
SAP stands for Systems, Applications and Products for data processing. It is a German multinational software corporation headquartered in Walldorf and founded in 1972. The company started by developing software for integrated business solutions. In the beginning, the software was developed aiming at large multinational companies. After gaining good acceptance from them, the company started developing packages for small scale enterprises also. SAP also developed Customer Relationship Management (CRM), Supply Chain Management (SCM), and Product Life cycle Management (PLM) software.
Odoo
Odoo is an open source ERP. In open source ERP the source code or program can be modified as necessary, based on the requirement of organization. Odoo was formerly known as OpenERP until May 2014.
Oracle
Oracle corporation is headquartered in Redwood shores , California, USA. Oracle was originally known for its database system rather than its ERP system. The ERP package from Oracle provides strong finance and accounting module. It also provides good customer and supplier interaction, effective production analysis, efficient human resource management and better pricing module. Oracle also developed Customer Relationship Management (CRM) and Supply Chain Management (SCM) software.
Microsoft Dynamics
Microsoft is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Redmond, Washington. Microsoft Dynamics is part of Microsoft business solutions. It provides a group of enterprise resource planning products primarily aimed at midsized enterprises. This package can be installed and used easily and it provides good user interface. It also provides customer relationship management (CRM) software.
9. Define BPR
Business Process Re-engineering (BPR) is the analysis and redesign of work flow within an enterprise. It involves changes in structure and process of a business environment. Due to rapid change in business field, especially in information technology, the process of a business needs to be redesigned for better service and benefit. Information technology plays a major role in business process re-engineering as it provides office automation, online business, flexible manufacturing, high speed delivery and pa.perless transactions.
10. Define the following ERP related technologies
CRM
SCM
CRM (Customer Relationship Management )
Customer is an individual or group who receives or consumes goods and services. Customers are the most important part of any enterprise. The success of any enterprise depends on good relationship with its customers. CRM is a broadly used term that covers policies used by an enterprise to manage their relationships with customers. The objectives of a CRM strategy must consider a company's specific situation and its customers’ needs and expectations. Customer Relationship Management is a comprehensive approach for creating, maintaining and expanding customer relationships. It is not only the responsibility of customer service group or IT team. It touches all major part of an enterprise.
SCM( Supply Chain Management )
The supply chain consists of all the activities associated with moving goods from the supplier to the customer. It begins with collecting raw materials and ends with receiving the goods by the consumer, as shown in Figure 10.10. It is very important for companies to move product to their customers quickly. Faster product delivery or availability will increase the sale and satisfaction of customers. So it is very important to manage the activities in supply chain. Software packages are available in the market for managing the same.
11. Write a short note on SAP
SAP stands for Systems, Applications and Products for data processing. It is a German multinational software corporation headquartered in Walldorf and founded in 1972. The company started by developing software for integrated business solutions. In the beginning, the software was developed aiming at large multinational companies. After gaining good acceptance from them, the company started developing packages for small scale enterprises also. SAP also developed Customer Relationship Management (CRM), Supply Chain Management (SCM), and Product Life cycle Management (PLM) software.
12. Expand MIS
Ans. Management Information System
13. Write a short note on MIS ( Management Information System )
We can see that there are three components in MIS - Management, Information and System. Management is the ultimate user or the decision maker, information is the processed data and system is the integration and holistic view of the enterprise. In the technical perspective, an information system collects, stores, and distributes information from an organization's environment and internal operations to support organizational functions. It is also used for decision making, communication, coordination, control, analysis, and visualization of an enterprise. Information systems transform raw data into useful information through three basic activities: input, processing, and output. An enterprise may contain different categories of employees like clerks, assistants, officers, executives, managers etc. All of them are the users of MIS. A management information system will collect relevant data from inside and outside an enterprise. This data is processed and stored in a centralized database and is made available to its users whenever it is needed. MIS has the capability to generate reports as and when the user demands it. It is mainly used to create reports on the basis of which decisions are made.
SAP
SAP stands for Systems, Applications and Products for data processing. It is a German multinational software corporation headquartered in Walldorf and founded in 1972. The company started by developing software for integrated business solutions. In the beginning, the software was developed aiming at large multinational companies. After gaining good acceptance from them, the company started developing packages for small scale enterprises also. SAP also developed Customer Relationship Management (CRM), Supply Chain Management (SCM), and Product Life cycle Management (PLM) software.
Odoo
Odoo is an open source ERP. In open source ERP the source code or program can be modified as necessary, based on the requirement of organization. Odoo was formerly known as OpenERP until May 2014.
Oracle
Oracle corporation is headquartered in Redwood shores , California, USA. Oracle was originally known for its database system rather than its ERP system. The ERP package from Oracle provides strong finance and accounting module. It also provides good customer and supplier interaction, effective production analysis, efficient human resource management and better pricing module. Oracle also developed Customer Relationship Management (CRM) and Supply Chain Management (SCM) software.
Microsoft Dynamics
Microsoft is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Redmond, Washington. Microsoft Dynamics is part of Microsoft business solutions. It provides a group of enterprise resource planning products primarily aimed at midsized enterprises. This package can be installed and used easily and it provides good user interface. It also provides customer relationship management (CRM) software.
9. Define BPR
Business Process Re-engineering (BPR) is the analysis and redesign of work flow within an enterprise. It involves changes in structure and process of a business environment. Due to rapid change in business field, especially in information technology, the process of a business needs to be redesigned for better service and benefit. Information technology plays a major role in business process re-engineering as it provides office automation, online business, flexible manufacturing, high speed delivery and pa.perless transactions.
10. Define the following ERP related technologies
CRM
SCM
CRM (Customer Relationship Management )
Customer is an individual or group who receives or consumes goods and services. Customers are the most important part of any enterprise. The success of any enterprise depends on good relationship with its customers. CRM is a broadly used term that covers policies used by an enterprise to manage their relationships with customers. The objectives of a CRM strategy must consider a company's specific situation and its customers’ needs and expectations. Customer Relationship Management is a comprehensive approach for creating, maintaining and expanding customer relationships. It is not only the responsibility of customer service group or IT team. It touches all major part of an enterprise.
SCM( Supply Chain Management )
The supply chain consists of all the activities associated with moving goods from the supplier to the customer. It begins with collecting raw materials and ends with receiving the goods by the consumer, as shown in Figure 10.10. It is very important for companies to move product to their customers quickly. Faster product delivery or availability will increase the sale and satisfaction of customers. So it is very important to manage the activities in supply chain. Software packages are available in the market for managing the same.
11. Write a short note on SAP
SAP stands for Systems, Applications and Products for data processing. It is a German multinational software corporation headquartered in Walldorf and founded in 1972. The company started by developing software for integrated business solutions. In the beginning, the software was developed aiming at large multinational companies. After gaining good acceptance from them, the company started developing packages for small scale enterprises also. SAP also developed Customer Relationship Management (CRM), Supply Chain Management (SCM), and Product Life cycle Management (PLM) software.
12. Expand MIS
Ans. Management Information System
13. Write a short note on MIS ( Management Information System )
We can see that there are three components in MIS - Management, Information and System. Management is the ultimate user or the decision maker, information is the processed data and system is the integration and holistic view of the enterprise. In the technical perspective, an information system collects, stores, and distributes information from an organization's environment and internal operations to support organizational functions. It is also used for decision making, communication, coordination, control, analysis, and visualization of an enterprise. Information systems transform raw data into useful information through three basic activities: input, processing, and output. An enterprise may contain different categories of employees like clerks, assistants, officers, executives, managers etc. All of them are the users of MIS. A management information system will collect relevant data from inside and outside an enterprise. This data is processed and stored in a centralized database and is made available to its users whenever it is needed. MIS has the capability to generate reports as and when the user demands it. It is mainly used to create reports on the basis of which decisions are made.
